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CONFERENCE PROCEEDING
Maternal smoking during pregnancy negatively affects brain volumes
proportional to intracranial volume in adolescents born very preterm
1
Department of General Practice, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku
University Hospital, Turku, Finland
2
Turku Brain Injury Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
3
Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
4
Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
5
Department of Medical Physics, Division of Medical Imaging, Turku University Hospital, Finland
6
Turku PET Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
7
Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Finland
8
Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Corresponding author
Mikael O. Ekblad
Department of General Practice, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
Department of General Practice, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
Tob. Prev. Cessation 2023;9(Supplement):A119
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been shown to associate with smaller frontal lobe and cerebellar volumes in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term age in very preterm infants. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on volumetric brain MRI findings at 13 years.
Material and Methods:
Included adolescents were born very preterm (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤1500 grams) between April 2004 and December 2006 at the Turku University Hospital, Finland. Information on maternal smoking status (yes or no) during pregnancy was collected from medical records and maternal questionnaires before discharge. Adolescents underwent volumetric brain MRI at 13 years of age. Image postprocessing was performed with Freesurfer. Regional volumes, cortical thickness, surface area, and curvature were computed from 33 cortical regions of interest. We normalized quantified absolute volumes for head size by dividing volumes with corresponding intracranial volumes. False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons across regions was used.
Results:
9/44 (21%) adolescents had been exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. No significant differences in absolute volumes were observed between the groups (p>0.05). Regarding volumes proportional to intracranial volume, the adolescents in the exposed group exhibited smaller gray matter volumes in the inferotemporal (FDR corrected p= 0.022) and parahippocampal (p=0.018) regions compared to the unexposed group. The surface area in the exposed group was also smaller in the parahippocampal (p=0.046) and postcentral (p=0.046) regions compared to the unexposed group. No significant differences were found for either curvature or cortical thickness between the groups.
Conclusions:
Maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy may have long-term effects on brain volumes up to 13 years in adolescents born very preterm. Our findings emphasize the importance of smoking-free pregnancy.
On behalf of the PIPARI Study Group.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been shown to associate with smaller frontal lobe and cerebellar volumes in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term age in very preterm infants. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on volumetric brain MRI findings at 13 years.
Material and Methods:
Included adolescents were born very preterm (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤1500 grams) between April 2004 and December 2006 at the Turku University Hospital, Finland. Information on maternal smoking status (yes or no) during pregnancy was collected from medical records and maternal questionnaires before discharge. Adolescents underwent volumetric brain MRI at 13 years of age. Image postprocessing was performed with Freesurfer. Regional volumes, cortical thickness, surface area, and curvature were computed from 33 cortical regions of interest. We normalized quantified absolute volumes for head size by dividing volumes with corresponding intracranial volumes. False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons across regions was used.
Results:
9/44 (21%) adolescents had been exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. No significant differences in absolute volumes were observed between the groups (p>0.05). Regarding volumes proportional to intracranial volume, the adolescents in the exposed group exhibited smaller gray matter volumes in the inferotemporal (FDR corrected p= 0.022) and parahippocampal (p=0.018) regions compared to the unexposed group. The surface area in the exposed group was also smaller in the parahippocampal (p=0.046) and postcentral (p=0.046) regions compared to the unexposed group. No significant differences were found for either curvature or cortical thickness between the groups.
Conclusions:
Maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy may have long-term effects on brain volumes up to 13 years in adolescents born very preterm. Our findings emphasize the importance of smoking-free pregnancy.
On behalf of the PIPARI Study Group.
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| eISSN: | 2459-3087 |
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